Immunological response in COVID-19 positive patients: case series

Abstract

This is a case series involving eight positive COVID-19 patients in different clinical stages, highlighting their immunological response assessed through lymphocyte subset enumeration and serum immunoglobulin using flow cytometry and turbidimetry, respectively. The aim of this study is to determine the role of lymphocytes and immunoglobulins in relation to the clinical outcome of COVID-19 infection. The majority of the patients (75%) showed a significant reduction in the total T lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes. In contrast, only one patient showed a reduction in total B lymphocytes and NK cells. The serum immunoglobulin levels were unremarkable. The CD8+ T cell lymphopenia was a notable feature that was potentiated to be a significant clinical outcome predictor for COVID-19 infection.